Social Imapct of Photography Essay Example for Free

Social Imapct of Photography Essay In politics, images have always made governments very nervous because of their powerfully persuasive and propagandistic potentialities. (In 1835 – before photography – the Emperor Louis-Philippe banned caricatures, describing them as ‘acts of violence’ too dangerous to go unchecked†¦) Then along came the photographic image: swift, visceral, intense, realistic, and clothed in an authenticity unlike any mode of illustration before. Not even a masterpiece painting possessed the lifelike and painfully truthful nature so capable of producing responses resembling human reactions to actual sight of people, things, places and situations. If (as described) pen and line illustrations and painting and sculpture evoked varied and often violent responses from especially the Church and State, photographs made both these Institutions more nervous still. Still today, photographs are feared by politicians. In South African Israeli and Chinese histories, not to speak of American and European ones, proves of  this ‘nervousness’ (to put it mildly!) can be found. Prohibitions against photographs testify directly to their power. Suppression works†¦ The existence of certain photographs in our own recent history have changed and re-directed the courses of whole nations. Likewise, the absence of photographs can have great consequences. This is illustrated by the following: In India, in 1946, Mohammed Ali Jinnah, the leader of the then Moslem League, was diagnosed, through X-ray photography, as having severe tuberculosis. He had only about two or three years to live†¦ Yet, he swore his doctor to secrecy concerning the state of his health. The X-rays were locked away, and he continued his work towards the creation of the Moslem State of Pakistan, which he successfully accomplished in August of 1947. It is surmised that had his sickness become known (as borne out by the X-ray photographs) his political support might not have been strong enough to result in the establishment of Pakistan†¦ In this, the very late 20th century, we know full well (from first hand experience) the influence – both positive and negative – of photography. In fact: almost like an addict is under the influence of his drug, so are we (as Citizens of the World) under the constant, unrelenting influence of photographs. Photography came into a world that was already crazy about pictures and drove it positively ‘mad’. We have become collectively addicted. Photographs took up residence in our daily lives; they moved in, and they practically took over. It is now indeed impossible to imagine life without them†¦ Photographs sell newspapers and magazines. This is a truth that became evident already in 1842 with The Illustrated London News, the world’s first (at first non-photographic) illustrated magazine. It was a weekly magazine. Others followed in vast numbers, so that when photography arrived, the scene was already set for its use. Until the 1890’s, all of the illustrations were lithographs and engravings, but from about this time onwards, the halftone, and photography took over. In one week in 1899, The Illustrated London News carried twenty-eight photographs and only nineteen drawings. And this led to the inevitable happening: Photographs soon became superabundant, transient and superfluous, as, perhaps, some say, it still is today. A photograph has power only if the right people see it in the right context at the right time. It must answer some need, belief, and expectations of its times. If the audience is not ready for the message, the image may be seen, but the message will not be recognized. (Like telling a child about sex when he or she is too young to understand; they hear what their age permits, and ignore the rest!). Certain categories can be created corresponding to the types of photograph and what kind of influence they exert – revelation, proof, political persuasion, social reform, etc. – but these categories are not rigid and necessarily exclusive to a photograph of a different category. These are the suggested categories, as identified by Vicky Goldberg in her book, The Power of Photography (Goldberg, G. 1991. The power of photography. New York: Abbeville Press). 1. The photograph as a proof and witness. 2. The photograph as a revelation of discovery. 3. The photograph as a detective. 4. The photograph as a political tool. 5. The photograph as a recorder of fame and celebrity. 6. The photograph as an icon. 7.The photograph as a medium for social reform. 8.The photograph as catalyst. This lecture comes to you as an adaptation and very much condensed interpretation of the Introduction from the abovementioned book. Acknowledgement is hereby given. Also: See it as an introduction to Assignment 06. (Refer to the separate Assignment Briefing). I have scanned and converted to pdf my copy of the book. See the additional pdf document file titled ‘vic200s 2014_p09_additional’.

F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby :: essays research papers

The Great Gatsby   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the story of Great Gatsby there are many diverse individuals which make themselves heard in the book. Tom Buchanan is the one character that the reader loves to hate. He represents the materialistic views in and around the Jazz era. The question at hand is to consider the character and role of Tom Buchanan in the story. How is the reader meant to respond to this character. To answer the question Tom must be broken down and investigated in an in-depth manner.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The era the action takes place in is known as the Jazz era. It is well known as a very superficial time period. Tom is known as a very superficial character. Although Tom is well known as a wealthy man who seems to have the whole world at his beck and call. Despite his advantages which he has received in life it does not reflect his image which is ugly.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People are constantly striving to be like him because of his social status. He is the apex of the society, a very powerful individual, with enormous wealth. He is openly aggressive towards people especially his wife whom he is abusive towards. He also shows abusive actions towards his mistress Myrtle when he meets with her in New York. Tom believes solely that he is more important than anyone else. He also has much hate towards Gatsby when he first meets him, since Tom is particularly jealous of Gatsby's wealthiness over his own. We see his jealousy when he gets a favour from a friend in New York City to look into Jay Gatsby and the life he has led.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The reader develops much hate towards Mr. Buchanan when we learn of his mistress. His disprovement grows when he strikes her across the face and severely hurts her for no apparent reason. His rude attitude towards others are also taken to heart when Tom is seen out in public trying to show off for his friend Nick Caraway of how much of a man he can be.

Why the Military Should Not Be Deployed on U.S.

There is also a high risk hat the troops themselves can get infected and a high possibility of the disease spreading even more. Lastly there is just not enough funding to send troops out onto our own soil. According to the Tim Make from the deathliest. Com American Soldiers preparing for deployment to West Africa are given just four hours of Bola- related training before leaving to combat the epidemic. Four hours of training is simply not enough time to learn about and understand the disease itself. A team of two can train as many as 50 personnel over that four-hour time frame, SEMIARID told The Daily Beast.If a single school teacher can barley each a class about a subject in math over a time period of a couple weeks how do we expect a team of two to fully teach and help a group of 50 troops to grasp the full concept of the risks of Bola and in that matter any other contagious disease. On The Common Sense Show, Dave Doges explains how President Beam's misguided decision to send 3,00 troops to Liberia to combat Bola virus may have put them all at risk for contracting the deadly disease. If the military were to assist with a pandemic outbreak here on CA. S soil, troops and their families would be at risk at contracting the disease.By doing this the military is no longer solving the problem they are just adding to the problem making the total number of infected people greater. In 191 8 the Spanish flu killed an estimated number of 675,000 Americans and about 20 million worldwide. According to the U. S Department of Health, the reason the death toll was so high in America was because of how many American troops contracted the disease while trying to combat it. Because history repeats itself, we should nit send out U. S troops to assist with an outbreak. Sending troops out would be very costly and would put us in more debt.Just sending out 3,00 troops to West Africa would cost the U. S over 750 million dollars, this is according to the Washington Post. The U. S is a lready 18 trillion dollars in debt and by sending troops out this would put us even further in the whole, something we will never be able to come out from. Money for the military is already being with held and spending money to combat something that will always exist is worthless. By spending money to deploy troops, we are taking away the possibility of buying new and up to date equipment needed to protect against both domestic and foreign invasions.U. S troops should not be given the responsibility of dealing with disease. They are not doctors, nor are they scientists and even with proper training and equipment there will always be a possibility of contracting the disease, which means further contamination of the American population. The military's purpose is to solve domestic and foreign issues that can potentially cause a threat to U. S citizens, not to combat disease. If we deploy troops onto our own soil then troops would be putting Americans lives in danger, which is a contrad iction to their soul purpose.

Jews During The 19th Century - 1858 Words

Jews have a fairly long history in Hungary. It is believed that the first Jews settled in Hungary in the 2nd century CE (World Jewish Congress). In 1251 there was a Jewish charter that put all the Jews under royal protection. After this, there was a large number of Jews that moved to Hungary which led to the development of historical communities. After the annexation of Hungary by the Ottoman Turks, Jews lived in peace, as long as they paid taxes. Along with the expulsion of the Ottoman Turks, the Jews disappeared from Hungary. It was not until the 18th century where Ashkenazi Jews starting arriving from Czech and German territories (World Jewish Congress). By the end of the 18th century there were just under 100,000 Jews living in†¦show more content†¦Over 400,000 Jews were moved from their homes to ghettos. In May 1944, deportation began. Some Jews escaped to Romania, neutral countries, or Budapest. Zionists helped Jews by providing fake passports, food, clothing, and plac es to hide. Unfortunately, Budapest did not always remain a safe haven for Hungarian Jews. The majority of these Jews were sent to ghettos. By January 1945, nearly 98,000 Jews from Budapest had died on marches to Austria. At the end of the war, about 565,000 Hungarian Jews perished (Jewish Virtual Library). Post-Holocaust, about 250 Jewish communities were reestablished, mainly in Budapest. The Hungarian government abolished their anti-Jewish legislation. In December 1948, the Jewish communities were recognized, guaranteed religious freedom, and were promised financial support. At this time, the Zionist movement started building schools and youth groups. Diplomatic relations with Israel were established in 1948, which led to a large group of Hungarian Jews immigrating to Israel. The rise of the Communist Party led to the closure of many Jewish institutions and the arrest of Jewish activists. Mass immigration to Israel was not allowed. About 20,000 Jews from Budapest were forced to leave. The year 1967 marked the end of diplomatic ties to Israel. (Jewish Virtual Library). In the 1970s, there were only about 60,000 Jews in Hungary, with many of them living in Budapest. The fall of the communist government ended theShow MoreRelatedTuberculosis As A Lethal Disease1388 Words   |  6 PagesTuberculosis, also known as â€Å"consumption† was a lethal disease that started spreading rapidly from family to family in parts of New England in the 18th and 19th centuries. However, not much was known about the disease in those times, leading people to start to suspect that vampires were the cause of the deaths. In an effort to protect their families and community, some people resorted to old-folk remedies, rooted from Europe. 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